Pseudonymization
What does pseudonymization mean?
Pseudonymization is a data protection method where personal identifiers are replaced with artificial identifiers or codes. The data can only be linked back to an individual if the organization has access to the separate re-identification key.
How does pseudonymization work?
Direct identifiers such as names, ID numbers, addresses, or contact information are removed and replaced with tokens or placeholders. A secure mapping table is stored separately, with limited access, allowing re-identification only when necessary. Laws like GDPR recognize pseudonymization as a safeguard that reduces the risk associated with processing personal data.
FAQs
Yes. Because the data can still be linked back to an identifiable person using a separate key, it remains personal data under GDPR and similar laws. Pseudonymization reduces risk but does not turn the data into anonymous information.
- Anonymization removes identifiers permanently so re-identification is not possible. Pseudonymization allows re-identification through a secure key when necessary. Because of this, pseudonymized data remains regulated, while anonymized data does not.
It helps protect individuals’ information while still allowing organizations to perform research, analytics, or testing. It reduces exposure if a database is accessed improperly and can support data minimization obligations under privacy laws.
Access is typically restricted to specific roles or systems with strong safeguards. Segregating the key from the dataset reduces the likelihood of misuse or accidental disclosure.
No. They serve different functions. Encryption protects data in storage or transit, while pseudonymization modifies the data itself by altering its structure. Both methods are often used together for stronger protection.